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Antirrhinum majus

Snapdragon

Common names: Large snapdragon

At a glance

Light
Full sun
Pot size
from 10 l
Lifespan
Annual
Hardiness
Cold damage below −5 °C
Water need
Medium
For children
Well suited
Origin
Native to Germany
Snapdragon

This description was machine-translated.

Description

The snapdragon bears dense upright flower spikes from June to October in almost all colors except blue. When the flowers are pressed sideways they snap shut like little mouths, which is the origin of the name. Bees must push themselves into the flowers to reach the nectar, making the plant an important bee feeder. It is a popular, long‑lasting cut flower.

Care instructions

Start the plants indoors from March on a windowsill and transplant them outdoors from mid‑April into sun or light partial shade; they can withstand light late frosts. Pinch back the young plants once, then they will become bushy. Water evenly at the base and remove spent flowers, which significantly extends the blooming period. In mild winters they will regrow from protected spots the following year.

The care notes were machine-translated from German.

Garden year

SowingMar–Apr

Germination

Soil temperature
from 12 °C, ideally 20 °C
Days to sprout
10 to 21 days
Light
Needs light to sprout
Sowing depth
Press in, don't cover
How to start
Start indoors, then plant out

Soil & site

Soil pH

4.0pH 6.2–78.0

Soil type

humus-rich, well-drained, nutrient-rich

LightFull sun
Hours of sunat least 6 h a day
HardinessFrost-sensitive
Water needMedium

Snapdragons need loose, humus-rich and free-draining garden soil. You must avoid waterlogging at all costs, because the roots react sensitively to wet. Work in plenty of mature compost before planting.

Feeding

Medium feeder

Months

Apr–Aug

In spring before planting, work mature compost shallowly into the soil. During the main flowering in summer you can top up with organic liquid fertiliser, but hold back on nitrogen-heavy doses, otherwise foliage forms at the expense of flowers. Container plants need more frequent top-ups.

Overwintering

In the Central European lowlands, snapdragons are not reliably hardy and are mostly kept as annuals. Let them die in autumn and plan to sow again; often the plant sows itself. If you want to try anyway, cut the shoots back after flowering and cover the soil at a sheltered, well-drained site with leaves or brushwood, or bring container plants into frost-free quarters, bright and cool just above freezing, and water them only very sparingly there.

Propagation

Methods

  • From seed
  • Cuttings

The easiest way to propagate snapdragons is by sowing. The seeds need light to germinate; from February to March, lay them on lightly moistened seed compost and just press them in without covering them. At around 16 to 20 °C they germinate within two to three weeks. Put the trays somewhere bright, but not in full sun. Prick out the young plants as soon as they are strong enough and plant them in the bed after the Ice Saints in mid-May. If you want to keep special cultivars true to type or overwinter individual plants, you can take cuttings about 10 cm long from healthy mother plants, depending on the cultivar and weather in early summer or from late summer to early autumn, from semi-ripe shoots. Remove the lower leaves and insert the shoot into moist propagation substrate. Keep the cuttings bright and evenly moist until they have rooted, and take them back outside only after the last frost. Note: plants propagated from your own seed do not come true to type; bought cultivars and hybrids can segregate. Seeds that sow themselves in the bed occasionally overwinter and germinate the following year.

Companion planting

Companion planting is partly traditional gardening lore. Where the reason is known, it is given.

For your garden

Grow Snapdragon yourself

Gartenkern tells you when frost is coming, when to sow and when to harvest, for your location.

Notes from real gardens

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