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Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes

Kohlrabi

Common names: German turnip

At a glance

Light
Full sun
Spacing
30 cm, rows 30 cm
Lifespan
Biennial
Sowing
Mar–Jul
Harvest
May–Oct
Hardiness
Cold damage below −4 °C
Water need
Medium
For children
Well suited
Kohlrabi

Description

Kohlrabi is the most straightforward cabbage in the bed and ready to harvest after just a few weeks. The tender, mild bulb tastes best raw. Besides the pale green ones there are purple cultivars such as ‘Blauer Delikatess’ that stand out visually.

Care instructions

Sow it from March (week 11) indoors or directly into the bed and plant it shallowly so the bulb sits cleanly above the soil. Water evenly, because in dry spells the bulb splits or turns woody. Harvest it young, as soon as it is the size of a tennis ball to a fist; that is when it is most tender.

The care notes were machine-translated from German.

Garden year

SowingMar–Jul

HarvestMay–Oct

Germination

Soil temperature
from 5 °C, ideally 20 °C
Days to sprout
4 to 10 days
Light
Sprouts in light or dark
Sowing depth
1 cm
How to start
Start indoors, then plant out

Soil & site

Soil pH

4.0pH 6.4–7.28.0

Soil type

loamy, humus-rich, well-drained, nutrient-rich

LightFull sun
Hours of sunat least 6 h a day
HardinessFrost-sensitive
Crop rotationBrassicas
Water needMedium

Give kohlrabi loose, humus-rich and evenly moist soil. For spring, light soils that warm up quickly are suitable; for summer cultivation, medium-heavy soils with a constant water supply. Avoid waterlogging and compaction and keep the soil rather limy (pH around 6.5 to 7.0), because low pH values and wet sites encourage clubroot.

Brassicas are heavy feeders and prone to clubroot; keep a 4-year break and do not follow directly after other crucifers such as radishes or mustard.

Feeding

Medium feeder

Months

Mar–Jun

In spring, before planting, work mature compost shallowly into the bed. As a moderate feeder, kohlrabi does well with moderate basic nutrition. If needed, add an organic nitrogen source such as horn shavings as a slow-release dose. During bulb formation you can help along with diluted nettle liquid feed. Feed with restraint: too much nitrogen makes kohlrabi store more nitrate in the bulb.

Overwintering

You grow kohlrabi as an annual: you harvest the bulbs in the same season in which you sow. It does not overwinter in the bed. Bring the bulbs in before the first hard frost; late varieties can stay outdoors a little longer under horticultural fleece or a layer of leaves. Harvested bulbs stay fresh for a few days if kept cool and moist; for longer, blanch and freeze them, and sow anew next spring.

Propagation

Methods

  • From seed

Kohlrabi is propagated exclusively by sowing. You can start it from mid-February indoors or in a greenhouse: sow the seeds about 0.5 to 1 cm deep in seed compost; at 16 to 20 °C they germinate in about 6 to 12 days. After around four weeks, when the young plants are strong, harden them off outdoors for about ten days (out during the day, in at night) before planting them in the bed from mid-March to April. Direct sowing outdoors is possible from April/May, as soon as the soil has warmed to at least 10 °C. Sow about 1 cm deep with rows about 25 to 30 cm apart, and thin later to 15 to 20 cm. Staggered sowings from February into summer extend the harvest over many weeks. Important: if the young plants stand too cool for a longer time (about 5 to 12 °C), you risk early bolting instead of bulb formation. After germination, keep them bright at 14 to 18 °C instead.

Companion planting

Good neighbors

legume family (Fabaceae)

particularly well established

Leguminous plants collect nitrogen in the soil, from which Brassicaceae benefit as heavy feeders.

For example PeaBroad beanRunner beanLima beanchickpeaCrimson clover and 32 more species in the catalogue

Source: classic companion planting (DACH-Gartenpraxis)

carrot family (Apiaceae)

You can pair celery and dill with all Brassicaceae because they repel the cabbage whitefly with their scent, a proven companion.

For example CarrotCeleriacDillParsleyFlorence fennelCoriander and 21 more species in the catalogue

Source: Bio-Gärtnerei Mixed-culture Practice

mint family (Lamiaceae)

You will notice that the intense scent of basil, thyme, and others confuses the cabbage whitefly and keeps it away from the cabbage family.

For example LavenderThymeBasilRosemarySageHyssop and 39 more species in the catalogue

Source: bio-gardening intercropping practice

nasturtium family (Tropaeolaceae)

Nasturtium serves as a trap plant for you. Aphids and cabbage whiteflies prefer it over the brassicaceae next to it.

For example NasturtiumMashua

Source: Trap plant practice in organic horticulture

Companion planting is partly traditional gardening lore. Where the reason is known, it is given.

Some of these explanations were machine-translated.

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Varieties

4 varieties
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